The Effect of Foreign Entry Regulation on Downstream Productivity: Microeconomic Evidence from China*

We examine the cross‐industry influence of foreign entry regulation (based on a novel measure) on the productivity outcomes of downstream firms through input–output linkages in China. In contrast to the significant liberalization of the manufacturing sector, restrictions on the service sector remained stringent over the period 1997–2007. We find a powerful depressant effect of foreign entry barriers imposed on the upstream manufacturing and service industries on the productivity of downstream manufacturers, and this effect depends on a number of industry‐ and firm‐specific features. Our research calls for further investment liberalization (particularly in the service sector) in China.     

农户生物菌肥购买意愿及行为的影响因素研究*——基于山东省设施菜农的调研数据

[目的]生物菌肥对于土壤改良、环境改善、食品安全具有重要意义,但目前生物菌肥在整个肥料产业中所占份额较小,迫切需要探讨如何从农户角度提高生物菌肥的施用比例。[方法]基于设施蔬菜农户的数据,构建Bivariate Probit模型,对农户生物菌肥的购买意愿和行为的影响因素进行比较研究。[结果]农户的生物菌肥购买意愿和行为总体上呈现一致性,愿意购买的农户中有97. 77%的农户具有实际的购买行为;但两者的影响因素有所差异,从差异因素来看,质量安全检测对购买意愿具有显著的正向影响,但对购买行为的影响并不显著;农户文化程度、种植年限、对无公害、绿色、有机蔬菜的了解程度,经销商推荐,施肥指导对购买行为具有显著的正向影响。从共同因素来看,生态环境认知变量对购买意愿和购买行为影响不显著。[结论]要推广生物菌肥,需要进一步加强质量安全检测体系对农业行为的约束性,提升经销商的规范经营意识,采用集中招标等灵活的价格政策,提升农户的生态技能,并在保护生态环境方面出台更完善的农业绿色发展政策。     

基于冠层光谱和BP神经网络的水稻叶片氮素浓度估算模型

[目的]快速、准确地诊断水稻叶片氮素营养状况,为水稻氮肥精准管理提供依据。[方法]以江西省农科院8种不同施肥处理的晚稻为研究对象,于主要生育期同步测定了水稻冠层光谱反射率及叶片全氮浓度(Leaf Nitrogen Concentration,LNC),系统分析了原始光谱反射率、一阶微分光谱、"三边"参数以及由350～1 350nm两两波段组合的差值(SD (Rλ1,Rλ2))、比值(SR (Rλ1,Rλ2))及归一化(ND(Rλ1,Rλ2))光谱指数与水稻LNC的相关关系,筛选出敏感参数,并以之为自变量构建了水稻LNC的传统预测模型,另外构建不同指标个数的多元线性与BP神经网络模型,并对模型进行验证。[结果](1)水稻LNC与一阶微分光谱在751nm处的相关性最高(r=0. 822);(2)"三边"参数中的红边面积SDr与LNC的相关性较高(r=0. 687);(3) 750nm附近的红边波段与近红外波段差值组合、550nm附近的绿光波段与近红外波段的比值及归一化差值组合与水稻LNC的相关性较高,以SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350)和ND (R534,R1 349)表现最好,相关系数分别为0. 827、-0. 790和0. 788;(4)传统回归模型中以SD(R752,R751)构建的一元线性模型最佳(RC2=0. 665、RV2=0. 750、RMSEV=0. 4%、RPD=2. 034);(5)利用5个指标((R'751、SDr、SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350)、ND (R534,R1 349))经逐步回归筛选出的2个指标SD ((R752,R751)和SR (R534,R1 350))构建预测水稻氮素的BP神经网络模型,预测效果最佳,其验证参数值分别为R2=0. 859、RMSEV=0. 302%和RPD=2. 669。[结论]基于单指标构建的传统线性模型计算过程简单但精度略低,而基于2个指标(SD (R752,R751)、SR (R534,R1 350))构建的BP神经网络模型预测精度高于该2指标构建的多元线性模型,表明在指标适合的情况下,BP神经网络对氮素具有较好的预测能力,是一种快速准确估算水稻叶片全氮浓度的方法。     

Multi-stakeholders’ assessment of bike sharing service quality based on DEMATEL–VIKOR method

ABSTRACT

Bike sharing is a sustainable mode of urban transportation. Assessing the perceived service quality is essential to improve the development of bike sharing. Most of the existing research evaluates the service quality of bike sharing only from the perspective of its users. This study assesses the perceived quality gap among four different stakeholders including government regulators, platform operators, bike association and users. First, an evaluation criteria system consisting of sixteen criteria obtained from the five dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy is constructed based on a revised service performance model. Thereafter, a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model that combines Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) with VIsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) is proposed. Then, the model is applied to evaluate the service quality of bike sharing in Xi’an City. Finally, some useful suggestions are given to improve the bike sharing service quality from the perspective of multi-stakeholders.     

秸秆收储运成本分析——以河南省为例

[目的]选择合适的秸秆收储运模式,降低秸秆离田产业化利用的收储运成本,促进秸秆综合利用。[方法]文章以河南省为例,构建秸秆收储运成本模型,并在4种收储运模式(模式一:田间晾晒→收集→秸秆利用企业;模式二:田间收集→收储点→晾晒、储存→秸秆利用企业;模式三:田间机械捡拾打捆→收储点→储存→秸秆利用企业;模式四:田间收集→固定式打捆→收储点→秸秆利用企业)基础上分析不同模式下的秸秆收集成本。[结果]运输成本和机械卸载成本是总成本中的可变因素,其对总成本的贡献率随运输半径的增大而增大。模式一、二采用散秆运输方式,适用于收集距离较短、秸秆需求量较小的企业,且使用模式二的秸秆收储运成本较低。模式三、四采用秸秆打捆运输方式,易于储存、利用,适用于秸秆用量较大的企业,且使用田间机械捡拾打捆的模式三收储运秸秆经济性更优。[结论]秸秆利用企业应根据需求合理地选择秸秆收储运模式,小型秸秆利用企业在模式二的情况下收储运成本更低,大型秸秆利用企业选择模式三经济性更优。     

Complex Network of Aviation E-Services in the Belt and Road Initiative: A Heuristic Study of Small Data based on Block Modeling

ABSTRACT

The aviation e-service system is an important part of support for business communication in regions covered by Belt and Road initiative. In exploring the role of airline companies in this system, we examine the structure of the network, which consists of airlines interconnections based on small data of individual attributes of aviation companies in aviation e-services, and study these interconnections across different groups using block modeling. The heuristic solution of airline companies in development of international communication and cooperation is further discussed. Among our policy implications for global managers, we suggest the enhancement of cross-regional cooperation among airlines.     

Noise traders,firm-specific uncertainty and technical trading effectiveness

This is the first study to document evidence of technical trading effectiveness at firm level in the Chinese A-share market by investigating the relationship between excess profits of technical trading rules and firm-specific characteristics. Our results reveal that firms with higher excess profits from technical trading have more noise traders and higher institutional ownership and that those firms tend to be growth firms with lower liquidity and higher firm-specific uncertainty. Further analysis shows that the profitability of technical trading rules is unsustainable and the excess profits of the highest technical trading profit quintile portfolio disappear in the following year.     

Social media affordances in entry‐level employees’ socialization: employee agency in the management of their professional impressions and vulnerability during early stages of socialization

This study examined how entry‐level employees interacted with social media during three stages of organizational socialization. They navigated between four different media affordances (persistence, editability, visibility, and association) while experiencing them as both enabling and constraining in different socialization stages. Qualitative interview data analysis revealed during anticipatory socialization, job applicants realized visibility and persistence in relation to institutional and individualized socialization. During encounter, new employees managed personal and professional life boundaries carefully against the association and visibility affordances. Although some participants used both public and enterprise social media for obtaining job‐related information and understanding coworkers and company culture, during metamorphosis, most interviewees adopted passive information seeking strategies and experienced a paradoxical tension between the enabling and constraining affordances of social media. Findings are discussed with regards to employees’ exertion of agency in managing their professional impressions and coping with high levels of uncertainty and vulnerability during early stages of socialization.     

京津冀生态涵养区生态与产业协调发展影响因素分析

[目的]京津冀协同发展国家重大战略将冀北地区的发展确定为承担生态保障与水源涵养功能,文章基于长期以来该区域生态脆弱、经济落后的特征,研究了该生态涵养区生态与产业协调发展的影响因素,目的是为该区域生态建设与产业经济协调发展提供参考。[方法]设置了影响生态建设与产业经济协调发展的规模因素、经济因素、社会因素与政策因素四大类37个影响因素,借助于统计数据,在对数据进行标准化处理的基础上,应用计量经济模型,通过因子分析法将各个因素进行分类归纳为5个公因子,利用SPSS软件回归模拟结果显示各个因素对生态建设与产业经济协调发展的影响作用。[结果]将四大类通过因子分析法的主成分分析,应用计量经济模型模拟,拟合优度较高,影响因素通过分组具有较强的解释力,结果能够很好地反映这些影响因素对生态建设与产业经济协调发展的影响方向与影响程度。[结论]依据定性分析假设与计量模拟分析结果,针对存在的问题与发展机遇,提出对策建议:继续加强生态建设项目的推进、适度扩大产业经营规模、加大生态建设与产业发展投资力度、实施资源节约型生产创新模式以及健全和完善生态与经济协调发展制度。